| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Submarine incident off Kola Peninsula ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Submarine incident off Kola Peninsula
The Submarine Incident off Kola Peninsula was a collision between the US Navy nuclear attack submarine and the Russian Navy nuclear ballistic missile submarine K-407 ''Novomoskovsk'' some 100 miles north of the Russian naval base of Severomorsk, on 20 March 1993. The incident took place when the US unit, who was trailing her Russian counterpart, lost track of ''Novomoskovsk''. At the time that ''Grayling'' reacquired the other submarine, the short distance of only half-mile made the collision unavoidable. The incident happened just a week before the first summit between American president Bill Clinton and the president of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin.
== Previous incident ==
(詳細はCold War and the 1991 fall of the Soviet Union, the United States government tasked the US Navy to continue to keep a close watch on the main bases of Russian nuclear submarines to monitor developments, especially those related to strategic assets that remained under Russian control.〔Sontag & Drew, page 586〕 This kind of submarine surveillance was officially known as "Operation Holy Stone" and "Operation Pinnacle" or "Bollard" in the submariners's jargon.〔Reed, page 1〕 The intelligence-gathering included the tapping of Soviet submarine communication cables, the recording of the pattern of noises from Soviet submarines, and the observation of submarine-launched ballistic missile tests.〔
On 11 February 1992, the American attack submarine collided with the Russian Navy nuclear submarine B-276 ''Kostroma'' off Severomorsk. The mission of ''Baton Rouge'' was reportedly the recovery or delivery of intelligence-monitoring devices on the seabed.〔 The American press claimed that the submarine was checking wireless traffic between Russian bases,〔John H. Gushman Jr. ("Two Subs Collide off Russian Port" ), The New York Times, 19 February 1992〕 but the Russians and other sources asserted that the two units were engaged in a 'cat-and-mouse game'.〔Artur Blinov and Nikolay Burbyga, "Underwater Incident in the Kola Gulf," Izvestia, 20 February 1992 p.1; Nikolay Burbyga and Viktor Litovkin "Americans Not Only Helping Us, But Spying on Us. Details of Submarine Collision in Barents Sea," Izvestia, 21 February 1992, p.2〕〔Jane's defence weekly: Volume 17, p. 352. Jane's Pub. Co., 1992〕〔Schwartz, Stephen I. (1998). ''Atomic audit: the costs and consequences of U.S. nuclear weapons since 1940''. Brookings Institution Press, p. 306, note 89. ISBN 0815777744〕
According to some sources, ''Baton Rouge'' was written-off due to the high costs of repairing the damaged pressure hull, along with a programmed refueling.〔"In late 1993, it was announced that one of the oldest Los Angeles class boats, the USS ''Baton Rouge'', would be decommissioned and placed in reserve. The official reason for this was that the boat was due for a very expensive refueling and the cost of this could not be justified in the current environment. However, confidential European sources have pointed out that the ''Baton Rouge'' was involved in a collision with a Russian Sierra-class submarine and had not been to sea since. This, they suggested, pointed to serious pressure hull damage rather than refueling costs as being responsible for the decommissioning." Warships Forecast, February 1997〕〔"''Baton Rouge'' was due to be re-fueled, a lengthy and expensive proposition. Military budget cutbacks apparently did not allow for the additional expense of the repairs needed, and ''Baton Rouge'' was placed "In Commission, In Reserve" on 01 November 1993. This status meant that the Navy effectively retired ''Baton Rouge'' from service. Most of the crew was reassigned to other duties, and preparations were begun to safely shut the nuclear reactor down so that the radioactive fuel rods could be removed later, during the scrapping process (known as "submarine recycling" and performed at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard in Bremerton, Washington). She had been in service less than 16 years (from the time she was commissioned until she was placed in ICIR status). (...) The extent of the damage has not been publicly disclosed, but must be inferred from the fact that the ''Baton Rouge'' was decommissioned, rather than repaired." Stitz, Gregory: '' Peacetime Submarine losses.'' Texas Maritime Academy, Texas A & M University at Galveston, 1996〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Submarine incident off Kola Peninsula」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|